Chapter Analysis Harry Potter - 985 Words

Audrey Loeffler Fields English period 1 March 9, 2014 Forget Harry Potter, This is the Boy Who Lived Pi is an incredible individual. He went on an inconceivable journey that changed him mentally. There was no way he would come back the as the same person. After going through a shipwreck, he refuses to believe that he might really be stranded. When he acknowledges that he really is lost, Pi kills for the first time for the sake of survival. His physical and religious limits are tested immensely and it transforms him forever. Pi has a definite reason to go on this journey. He explains his shock upon discovering the sinking ship, â€Å"I couldn’t believe my eyes. What was this water doing here?†¦ Down there was where my family was† (Martel 129). It was that he had no choice. Pi’s life was thrown head first into a shipwreck, his happiness ground to a halt. He lost his family in his call to adventure. He has nothing to lose, until his shock drives him to near insanity, â€Å"Ravi was right. Truly I was to be the next goat. I had a wet, trembling, half-drowned, heaving and coughing three-year-old adult Bengal tiger in my lifeboat† (Martel 124). Shock is a powerful thing. Pi was so stunned he did not realize that he was helping a tiger into his lifeboat until it was too late. There is now absolutely no way Pi will not have an adventure. Staying alive is adventure enough. That is not to say Pi wants an adventure. Pi’s wants, his desires for a normal life with his family has clashed with theShow MoreRelatedThe Way Of The World Essay1580 Words   |  7 Pagesbecomes more fragmented in novels. The Following four works; â€Å"Harry Potter and the prisoner of Azkaban†(1999), â€Å"The David Copperfield†(1850), â€Å"The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie†(1961) and â€Å"Dead Poets society†(1989) are defined as the literary genre ‘Bildungsroman’ in different Medias. Each of the works has different analysis of Bildungsroman as the methods of maturity. First of all, Harry Potter and the prisoner of Azkaban is the third chapter of the seven magical series by J.K. Rowling. This is one ofRead MoreI Am Writing At The Spring 2015 Semester Of Mrs. Miller s Engl 112 Dual Enrollment College1577 Words   |  7 PagesUsing our textbook, â€Å"They Say/I Say† The Moves that Matter in Academic Writing (Graff 2012), we selected a topic from a chapter in the text. Each chapter included series of readings that represented a variety of points of view. This assignment asked students to construct a summary and to synthesize a response to the various points of view included in the readings. I selected the chapter that addressed the value of a college education. Writing effective and analytical summaries is always a challenge,Read MoreThemirror Of Erised Is A Well Known Image Within The Harry1522 Words   |  7 PagesErised is a well known image within the Harry Potter fandom. 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Fairy and Folk Tales 12 The Golden Age of Children’s Literature: Late 1800s 12 5. Victorian Childrens Literature 16 6. Contemporary Childrens Literature 18 6. Analysis of Harry Potters’ series 21 7. Conclusion 30 8. Summary 31 Children’s Literature Definitions 31 The Ancient World [ancient Rome; 50 BCE to 500 CE] 31 The Middle Ages [500 to 1500 CE] 31 The European Renaissance [1500-1650 CE] 32 The 17th Century 34 The 18thRead More Lacanian Psychoanalytic Criticism in Harry Potter Essay4053 Words   |  17 PagesLacanian Psychoanalytic Criticism in Harry Potter The inhabitants of a faraway country known for its ivory towers and for its export of literary monographs were forever quarreling over who might best represent them. One day two tiny factions decided to join forces: the adherents of the Princess Childlit and the followers of Prince Psychian, the great-great-grandson of Empress Psyche. 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Wallis Simpson Life, Legacy, Marriage to Edward VIII

Wallis Simpson (born Bessie Wallis Wakefield; 19 June 1896—24 April 1986) was an American socialite who gained notoriety for her relationship with Edward VIII. Their relationship caused a constitutional crisis that ultimately led to Edward’s abdication. Fast Facts: Wallis Simpson Known For: Socialite whose relationship with Edward VIII caused a scandal and led Edward to abdicate the British throne.Given Name:  Bessie Wallis WarfieldBorn: June 19, 1896 in Blue Ridge Summit, PennsylvaniaDied: April 24, 1986 in Paris, FranceSpouses: Earl Winfield Spencer, Jr. (m. 1916-1927), Ernest Aldrich Simpson (m. 1928-1937), Edward VIII aka Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor (m. 1937-1972) Early Life Wallis was born in Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania, a popular resort town near the Maryland border. Her father, Teackle Wallis Warfield, was the son of a wealthy Baltimore flour merchant, and her mother, Alice Montague, was a stockbroker’s daughter. Although Wallis always claimed her parents married in June 1895, parish records show that they weren’t married until November 1895—meaning that Wallis was conceived out of wedlock, considered a big scandal at the time. Teackle Warfield died in November 1896, when Wallis was only five months old. His death left Wallis and her mother dependent first on Teackles brother, then on Alice’s sister. Walliss mother Alice remarried in 1908 to a prominent Democratic politician. When Wallis was in her teens, she attended an elite all-girls school in Maryland, where she excelled academically and gained a reputation for her polished style. First Marriages In 1916, Wallis met Earl Winfield Spencer, Jr., a pilot with the U.S. Navy. They married later that year. From the beginning, however, their relationship was strained, in large part due to Spencer’s heavy drinking. By 1920, they entered an on-and-off period of temporary separations, and Wallis had at least one affair (with Argentine diplomat, Felipe de Espil). The couple traveled overseas in 1924, and Wallis spent most of the year in China; her exploits there were the subject of much rumor and speculation in later years, though little was ever confirmed. The Spencers’ divorce was finalized in 1927, at which point Wallis had already become romantically involved with Ernest Aldrich Simpson, a shipping magnate. Simpson divorced his first wife, with whom he had a daughter, to marry Wallis in 1928. The Simpsons set up a house in the wealthy London neighborhood of Mayfair. In 1929, Wallis returned to America to be with her dying mother. Although Walliss investments were destroyed in the Wall Street Crash of 1929, Simpson’s shipping business was still booming, and Wallis returned to a comfortable and wealthy life. However, the couple soon began to live beyond their means, and financial difficulties loomed. Relationship with the Prince Through a friend, Wallis met Edward, Prince of Wales, in 1931. After crossing paths for a few years at house parties, Wallis and Edward entered a romantic and sexual relationship in 1934. Edward abandoned his previous mistresses and the relationship deepened. He even introduced Wallis to his parents, which caused a huge scandal, seeing as divorced people were not typically welcome at court. On January 20, 1936, King George V died and Edward ascended to the throne as Edward VIII. It quickly became clear that Wallis and Edward intended to marry, as she was already in the process of divorcing Simpson on the grounds that he had committed adultery. This presented several problems. From a social and moral perspective, Wallis was not considered a suitable consort. Even more pressingly, from a religious perspective, her marriage to Edward was constitutionally forbidden, since the the monarch is the head of the Church of England and the Church forbade remarriage of divorced persons. Abdication of Edward VIII By the end of 1936, Wallis’s relationship with the king had become public knowledge, and she managed to flee to her friends’ home in France just ahead of the media frenzy. Despite pressure on all sides, Edward refused to give up his relationship Wallis, and instead chose to abdicate the throne in the face of a constitutional crisis. He officially abdicated on December 10, 1936, and his brother became George VI. Edward departed for Austria, where he waited out the end of Wallis’s divorce proceedings. Wallis and Edward married on June 3, 1937—the same day as Edwards late father’s birthday. No members of the royal family attended. Edward had become the Duke of Windsor upon his brother’s accession, and while Wallis was permitted the title of â€Å"Duchess of Windsor† upon their marriage, the royal family refused to let her share in the â€Å"Royal Highness† style. Duchess of Windsor Wallis, along with Edward, was soon suspected of being a Nazi sympathizer—not a far jump, since the couple visited Germany and met with Hitler in 1937. Intelligence files at the time also suspected Wallis of carrying on an affair with at least one high-ranking Nazi. The couple fled their French home to Spain, where they were hosted by a pro-German banker, then to the Bahamas, where Edward was sent to perform the duties of governor. Wallis worked with the Red Cross and devoted time to charitable causes while in the Bahamas. However, her private papers revealed a deep disdain for the country and its people, and the couple’s Nazi connections continued to come to light. The couple returned to France after the war and lived socially; their relationship may have deteriorated over the years. Wallis Simpson published her memoirs in 1956, reportedly editing and rewriting her own history to portray herself in a more flattering light. Later Life and Death The Duke of Windsor died of cancer in 1972, and Wallis reportedly had a breakdown at his funeral. By this time, she was suffering from dementia and other health problems, and her lawyer, Suzanne Blum, took advantage of Wallis’s state to enrich herself and her friends. By 1980, Wallis’s health had declined to the point where she could no longer speak. On April 24, 1986, Wallis Simpson died in Paris. Her funeral was attended by several members of the royal family, and much of her estate was, surprisingly, left to charity. Her legacy remains a complicated one—an ambitious and glamorous woman whose great romance led to great losses. Sources Higham, Charles. The Duchess of Windsor: The Secret Life. McGraw-Hill, 1988.King, Greg. The Duchess of Windsor: The Uncommon Life of Wallis Simpson. Citadel, 2011.â€Å"Wallis Warfied, Duchess of Windsor. Encyclopaedia Brittanica, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wallis-Warfield-duchess-of-Windsor.

#15 Synthesis of Ethyl Salicylate from Salicylic Acid Free Essays

#15 Synthesis of Ethyl Salicylate from Salicylic Acid ____________________________________________________________ _______________ Purpose: Salicylic acid is converted to the liquid ethyl salicylate by addition of ethanol. Yields of salicylic acid (week 1) and ethyl salicylate will be found, as well as the overall yield of the 2-step conversion of acetyl salicylic acid to ethyl salicylate. Introduction: Esters are formed from the reaction of acids and alcohols: O O || || R-C-OH + HO-R’ R-C-OR’ + H2O cid alcohol ester water The pleasant smelling oil of ethyl salicylate is made by reacting salicylic acid (week 1) with excess ethanol. We will write a custom essay sample on #15 Synthesis of Ethyl Salicylate from Salicylic Acid or any similar topic only for you Order Now An acid catalyst is also needed. salicylic acid (SA) ethanol ethyl salicylate (ES) The overall yield is determined from multiplying yields of the two reactions: 1. ASA + HCl(aq) SA and 2. SA + ethanol ES + water Apparatus The reaction takes place by refluxing (gentle boiling) in a 100-mL round bottom flask. This time the ice-cooled condenser is essential, otherwise the ethanol reactant (b. . 79? C) would evaporate before the reaction was over. Melting points of acetyl salicylic acid and salicylic acid (dried from week 1) are taken with MelTemp devices. If you have never used one your instructor will demonstrate. MelTemp C OH O OH H OC H2CH3 H + C OH O + OCH2CH3 + H2O2 Procedure Part A: Esterification of Salicylic Acid with Ethanol 1. Before starting remove a spatulaful (that will be 0. 1 g) of SA (salicylic acid) and place in a labeled plastic vial to use for melting points. 2. In a 100 mL round bottom flask, mix at least 5 g dry salicylic acid (0. 43 mol) with 20 mL 100% ethanol. The salicylic acid should be weighed out to two decimal places and recorded on the data sheet. The alcohol is in excess. It can be poured from a graduated cylinder, and should not be scaled down. Note: Use more salicylic acid if you have more from the first week. You should have between 7 and 8 g. Adjust amount of ethanol accordingly, say to 30 mL. 3. Add approximately 1/2 gram of boric acid catalyst that we use as a substitute for concentrated sulfuric acid in this particular esterification. 4. Place entire assembly on a hot plate and heat until the alcohol is boiling. A setting of around 3 on the hot plate can be tried and then adjusted up or down as needed. You may need to add more ice. Note: While the refluxing is taking place, you can work on Part B, in which the materials you have already made are characterized by taking their melting points. 5. Reflux for a minimum of 1 hour and 30 minutes or longer as time allows. Cool until the flask is no longer hot, then in an ice bath, until the mixture is at room temperature. Transfer to a clean separatory funnel. 6. Add 10 mL 2M NaOH(aq) . The mixture turns milky as approximately 2-3 mL of ester appears at once as an insoluble bottom layer. Ethyl salicylate is an oily liquid with a density of 1. 1 g/mL. Wait a few minutes until the cloudy emulsion begins to clear up. You can estimate the yield by marking the funnel and measuring an equal volume of water. Record this. You will probably get about 1/2 mL for every 1 gram of salicylic acid. 7. You should be able to recover about 1. 5 mL of the ester oil by separating the layers using a separatory funnel. Allow the bottom layer to pour into a vial. This layer contains mostly ethyl salicylate and should have a very pleasant odor, something like wintergreen. It will also include a little NaOH solution and thus will not be clear and sparkling. If you have enough liquid you can attempt the next step. 8. Dry by mixing with a small amount of anhydrous magnesium sulfate. See your instructor to get help with this. Pour off the clear ethyl salicylate. 3 Part B: Melting Points 1. Measure melting points of the dry acetyl salicylic acid and the salicylic acid using the small samples reserved for this purpose. Record on data sheet and compare with literature values. Part C: Yields 1. The 50 aspirin tablets contained 16. 25 g ASA. To estimate yields in your next 2 reactions, assume the wet ASA you used contained 12 g ASA. Then from the mass of dry salicylic acid obtained find the yield of salicylic acid. 2. Convert the volume of ethyl salycilate to grams using the density, 1. 1 g/mL. Record. Estimate yield of ethyl salicylate from salicylic acid and record, retaining just 2 significant figures. 3. Find the overall yield of the two-step process: Step 1: Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) to salicylic acid (SA) Step 2: Salicylic acid (SA) to ethyl salicylate (ES)4 Data and Results (yield of ethyl salicylate) Name(s) ____________________________________________________________ ____ Part B: Melting Points Compound Measured Melting Point (? C) Literature Value (? C) Acetyl Salicylic Acid 134 – 135 Salicylic Acid 158 – 160 Yields: Assuming ASA (from extraction of 50 aspirin tablets) = 12 g SA (from hydrolysis of ASA) ______ g Reactant SA esterified: ______ (usually most of the amount above) Approximate volume of ethyl salicylate: _______ mL (density ES = 1. 1 g/mL) Mass ethyl salicylate ________g Maximum g SA: Maximum g ES: Enter amounts where indicated in the table below and find the yields. Reaction Reactant Product Mass Reactant (g) Mass Product (g) Maximum Mass Product (g) Actual Yield % ( 2 sig. figures) ASA SA 12 g ASA* g SA g SA SA ES g SA g ES g ES *Assuming 75% extraction yeild. Overall Yield for 2 steps (product of 2 yields above) : Questions: 1. Recalculate the overall yield for a three-step process including the 75% extraction. 2. The synthesis of a new drug may require as many as 30 steps, some of which produce much less than 90% yields. Comment on this (without doing any calculations). ____________________________________________________________ _______________5 Instructor’s Guide Ethyl Salicylate Part B: Melting Points Compound Measured Melting Point (? C) Literature Value (? C) Acetyl Salicylic Acid 134 134 – 135 Salicylic Acid 159 158 – 160 Yields: Assuming ASA (from extraction of 50 aspirin tablets) = 12 g SA (from hydrolysis of ASA) 7. 3 g Reactant SA esterified: 7. 0 g (usually most of the amount above) Approximate volume of ethyl salicylate: 3. 0 mL (density ES = 1. 1 g/mL) Mass ethyl salicylate 3. 3 g Maximum g SA: 10 g ASA x 1 mol ASA x 1 mol SA x 138 g SA = 9. 2 g SA 180 g ASA 1 mol ASA 1 mol SA Maximum g ES: 7. g SA x 1 mol SA x 1 mol ES x 166 g ES = 8. 4 g ES 138 g SA 1 mol SA 1 mol ES Enter amounts where indicated in the table below and find the yields. Reaction Reactant Product Mass Reactant (g) Mass Product (g) Maximum Mass Product (g) Actual Yield % ( 2 sig. figures) ASA SA 12 g ASA* 9. 2 g SA 7. 3 g SA 79% SA ES 7. 0 g SA 8. 4 g ES 3. 3 g ES 39% *Assuming 75% extraction yeild. Overall Yield for 2 steps (product of 2 yields abo ve): 0. 79 x 0. 39 x 100 = 31% Questions: 1. Recalculate the overall yield for a three-step process including the 75% extraction. 2. The synthesis of a new drug may require as many as 30 steps, some of which produce much less than 90% yields. Comment on this (without doing any calculations). ____________________________________________________________ _______________ 1. Overall yield = 0. 75 x 0. 79 x 0. 39 x 100 = 23% 2. The yield would be very very small, making this an expensive process. 6 Instructor’s Guide Ethyl Salicylate(cont’d) Time: maximum Equipment and Materials: per group Items Number Comment stir/hot plates 1 stir bars 1 00-mL round bottom flasks 1 Weighing papers 1 pack per class Ice 50-mL graduates 1 Top loading balance 2 per class With power supply MelTemps 2 per class thermometer 2 per class For Meltemp m. p. tubes (closed) 50 per class 250-mL beakers 1 for water heating bath Microscale glass clamp 1 (yellow) ice-cooled condensers 1 Ring stand 1 Ring stand clamp 1 separatory funnels 1 boric acid 5 g per class antifungal agent spoon spatulas 1 100% ethanol 1 L per class 2 M NaOH 50 mL magnesium sulfate 10 g per class Epsom salts Safety glasses 1 per student Rubber gloves 1 box per class7 Ideas/ Information We make ethyl rather than methyl salicylate, because methanol is toxic. Under Part A. 3. Note: This experiment was designed to be done using household chemicals. Although Science in Motion can provide concentrated sulfuric acid, we have decided that it is too dangerous to handle. Under Part C. 1. Note: Repeated extractions were done in our lab. They all gave about 75% yields and about 12 g dry ASA. 2M NaOH solution could be prepared by adding solid NaOH to a volumetric flask and then diluting with distilled water to the mark on the flask. Molarity mol/L g NaOH for 1 L solution g NaOH 500 mL solution 2 80 40 How to cite #15 Synthesis of Ethyl Salicylate from Salicylic Acid, Papers

COPD Symptoms and Impacts †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the COPD Symptoms and Impacts. Answer: Introduction This report aims to analyze the case study of Mr. Polaris who is a 62 year old man and has been diagnosed with chronic pulmonary disease. We have focused on two potential health concerns of the person related to the chronic pulmonary disease and have described why they are of potential concern. two topics regarding which the patient will be provided education by the registered nurse to facilitate self management of the chronic disease. The case have also focused and have provided justification regarding the two appropriate client education strategies that has to be delivered by the registered nurse for a better outcome of the patient. Moreover the actual aim of this report is to understand how self management of chronic diseases like chronic pulmonary disease can bring about improved outcomes in patients. COPD is normally an umbrella term that can be used to describe a variety of progressive lung diseases like chronic bronchitis, emphysema, refractory asthma and few forms of bronchiectasis. It has been reported that many people just overlook the increased breathlessness and the production of cough, as their normal signs of ageing. COPD can turn into adverse conditions if left untreated. George Polaris, is a 62 years old man, has been admitted into the emergency department with increase in shortness of breath. It was reported that he had fever with productive cough. On admission he was being first treated with type IV antibiotic, but later when he underwent a series of tests and examinations, it was found that he is having chronic pulmonary disease (COPD). After being discharged from the hospital he is being followed up at the local GP clinic. George reports to the registered nurse that he has had several episodes of respiratory distress where he was suffering from shor6ness of breath and cough on exertion. It has also been reported that before his admission to the hospital his cough and the respiratory problem turned worse. He has also reported that he had lost weights over the past few months. His current weight is 65 kg, with a height of 178 cms. Past medical history suggests that he had been suffering from respiratory distress for quite a long time. He had a history of gastro-esophageal reflux disease. George said that he was a smoker and generally smokes up to 20 cigarettes a day since he was 14 years old. According to the report George did not have any allergies or alcohol addiction. Current medications include Salbutamol 100 micrograms MDI, 2 puffs as required up to 4 times. Tiotropium 18mcg inhaled by the mouth and Esomeprazole magnesium 40mg. The vital signs includes that his body temperature is 36.7?, which indicates a normal body temperature. His blood pressure is 135/88 mm hg, which indicates a slight high pressure. His pulse beat is 100 beats / minute which indicates a normal heart beat and his respiratory has been reported to be 22 breaths / minutes. In the early stages of the disease, the symptoms may not be properly understood but can develop for years. The symptoms can be understood in the most advanced stages of the disease. The acute symptoms of the COPD are cough with a lot of mucous, shortness of breath. The case study shows that George has been suffering from respiratory problems, since a long time. The other symptom of COPD includes chest tightness and wheezing. Worsening of the COPD may give rise to Pneumonia. A patient having Pneumonia associated with COPD may show symptoms like the fever chills. The report shows that George was admitted with high fever to the hospital which can be linked with the general symptoms of Pneumonia (Asnaashari, Talaei, Haghighi, 2012). All the probable symptoms can be linked with the symptoms of George which indicates that he had been suffering from COPD. Emphysema can also be caused due to the COPD, due to which the air pressure in the alveoli increases. As a result the person feels short ness of breath which increases with time (Suissa, Patenaude, Lapi, Ernst, 2013). According to the case study, George is elderly and is a smoker. He works as a laborer in the construction company and is shortness of breath has worsened. The symptoms had indicated towards bronchitis and he needed a holistic care of approach to treat the conditions. Further as George had been a chain smoker, proper education regarding the ill effects of smoking might create awareness in him, and he might quit smoking. The two potential health concerns for the patient in this paper are mainly smoking and the inhalation of the noxious industrial agents. Smoking- Smoking can trigger flare ups in the COPD. Smoking damage the alveoli present in the lungs and the cell lining if the lungs. A COPD symptom will depend upon the condition of the lungs. The following case study reports that George was chain smoker. So it can be easily estimated that excessive smoking is one of the cause for a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It has been reported that people who smokes cigarettes or who suffer from passive smoking both have got a high risk of developing COPD (Donaldson Wedzicha, 2007). Client education strategies The above case study shows that George has been suffering from COPD for quite a long time, and then also he has not quit smoking. Smoking worsens the situation. Therefore it is very important for a registered nurse to help the client to quit smoking. A registered nurse should impart knowledge about the ill effects of smoking to the patient (Prevention, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults--United States, 2011. MMWR. , 2012). She should chalk out proper plans and would help the patient in all possible ways to quit smoking. The patient should be advised to avoid exposure to secondary smoke. The case study provides with the information that George has had several episodes of respiratory trouble (Sedeno, Nault, Hamd, Bourbeau, 2009). The patient can be taught how to use the bronchodilators and to report accordingly to the physician. The patient should be taught to take the prescribed medications that would help him to quit smoking, in due time and report to the doctor regu larly. A registered nurse can take up various strategies to impart knowledge to the patient. One such is providing information about the disease. A workshop can be conducted inside the health care setting taking the elderly patients and the pathophysiology of the disease can be demonstrated. The patients can be taught how to use the nebulizers and the bronchodilators. Self management of the techniques and the tools would help him to get rid of the problems. The patient can be taught the ways to quit smoking (Vestbo, et al., Adherence to inhaled therapy, mortality and hospital admission in COPD., 2009). Medications can be recommended that will help them to quit smoking. As the nurse is dealing with the elderly patients, care should be taken to provide a holistic care of approach to the patient. A patient can develop several self management strategies like eating of well balanced meals, use of the nicotine replacement therapies, eating of low calorie snacks, other stress relieving beverages can be had instead of cigarettes. There are special chewing gums that can help one to quit smoking, although everything should be taken after consulting with the caregiver. As sudden cessation of any kind of addiction without proper preparation may give rise to some adverse effects. A patient should in every way suppress the willingness to have cigarettes. Patient can look over the internet regarding the ill effects of nicotine. A registered nurse can provide proper education to the client regarding the prevention of the clinical condition (Roche, Chavannes, Miravitlles, 2013). A patient can be encouraged to take healthy foods; other beverages can be taken to relive stress other than cigarettes or other addictives. The strategies taken up by the registered nurse for ceasing the smoking habits in the patient would be appropriate as smoking can trigger flare ups in the COPD. Smoking damage the alveoli present in the lungs and the cell lining if the lungs. If the patient can control his smoking habit, it would not cure COPD, but the intensity of the symptoms will get reduced. Inhalation of the noxious industrial agents The case study provides with the idea that the patient works in a construction site, where he gets exposed to a number of chemical fumes and chemical allergens for a prolonged period of time can trigger COPD. Exposure to irritants on the job also makes an individual susceptible to COPD. Lung irritants such as grains, textiles, cement dusts or chemical fumes can trigger the symptom (Agust, et al., 2012). As discussed in the above section, about the two potential health concerns linked to the case study, the clients should be given education regarding the topics in order to self manage the conditions. The job of George also exposes him to dusts and irritants which can increase the intensity of the disease (Association, 2013). The client can be taught to use mask while working at the construction sides to avoid the lung irritants. The case study provides with the information that George has had several episodes of respiratory trouble (Sedeno, Nault, Hamd, Bourbeau, 2009). The patient can be asked to avoid the lung irritants, like paint or the households cleansers that emits chemical fumes. A patient should be taught the use of a humidifier. Humid air helps to loosen the mucus and the coughs of the upper airways (Effing et al., 2007).The patient can be taught how to use the bronchodilators and to report accordingly to the physician. The patient should be taught to take the prescribed m edications in due time and report to the doctor regularly. A registered nurse can provide proper education to the client regarding the prevention of the clinical condition (Roche, Chavannes, Miravitlles, 2013). The registered nurse can teach the patient to maintain a good hygiene like coughing and sneezing on a tissue, use of separate drinking glasses, washing of hand with warm soapy water or alcohol based gel during the unavailability of soap and water. As the nurse is dealing with the elderly patients, care should be taken to provide a holistic care of approach to the patient. Self management to avoid the obnoxious chemicals As per the education provided by the nurse the patient can avoid being exposed to harmful chemical fumes and other lung irritants for a prolonged period of time. The patient can carry face masks to prevent the allergens or should always try to use the mask while working on the construction site. The hydration of the body should be maintained. The patient should take enough fluids to maintain the electrolyte balance of the body. The patient should adhere to the medications that have been provided. Client should definitely use the bronchodilators as and when required. Since, the major problem that this client is facing is related to respiratory distress and cough. Therefore the patient care should be focused on how to prevent this. The knowledge of different exercises and the use of bronchodilators and the humiditors would definitely give relief from the incessant coughing and breathing trouble. Conclusion The above case study and its analysis have helped to provide knowledge about the different types of the chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. According to the case study, George is elderly and is a smoker. He works as a laborer in the construction company and is shortness of breath has worsened. The symptoms had indicated towards bronchitis and he needed a holistic care of approach to treat the conditions. Since, the major problem that this client is facing is related to respiratory distress and cough. Therefore the patient care should be focused on how to prevent this. The knowledge of different exercises and the use of bronchodilators and the humidators would definitely help him to give relief from the incessant coughing and breathing trouble. Further as George had been a chain smoker, proper education regarding the ill effects of smoking might create awareness in him, and he might quit smoking. The normal pathophysiology and the symptoms have been linked with symptoms that George has displayed. From that it can be concluded that he might be suffering from chronic bronchitis. The essay had provided a vivid description of the interventions that can be taken up to impart knowledge to the patient, regarding the self management of the disease. Looking after the family background and his health condition, the topic aims to provide the possible strategies to impart knowledge to the patient and have concluded that this can be accomplished by setting up joint workshops, where different informations regarding the disease and different demonstrations to self manage the disease has to be demonstrated. Further it can be concluded that proper care, along with pharmacological therapies, good exercises and a proper discharge plan can improve the outcome of the patient and improve their way of living to some extent. References Agust, A., Edwards, L. D., Rennard, S. I., MacNee, W., Tal-Singer, R., Miller, B. E., et al. (2012). Persistent systemic inflammation is associated with poor clinical outcomes in COPD: a novel phenotype. PloS one, , 7(5), e37483. Asnaashari, A. M., Talaei, A., Haghighi, M. B. (2012). Evaluation of psychological status in patients with asthma and COPD. 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